Steroids are powerful medications used to treat a variety of medical conditions, from asthma to autoimmune disorders. While they are effective for many physical ailments, steroids, particularly corticosteroids, can have significant effects on mood and mental health. At PMHC in Philadelphia, we often address concerns about the potential mental health impacts of steroids, including their relationship with bipolar disorder.
Understanding Steroids and Their Effects on Mental Health
There are two main types of steroids: anabolic steroids and corticosteroids.
- Anabolic Steroids: Often associated with muscle building, anabolic steroids are synthetic versions of testosterone and can cause mood swings, aggression, and other psychological changes.
- Corticosteroids: These are commonly prescribed to reduce inflammation in conditions like arthritis, asthma, and lupus. Prednisone and hydrocortisone are examples of corticosteroids.
Both types of steroids can affect the brain, influencing mood, behavior, and emotional regulation.
Can Steroids Cause Bipolar Disorder?
Steroids themselves do not cause bipolar disorder, a condition characterized by episodes of mania and depression. However, they can mimic or exacerbate symptoms associated with bipolar disorder.
1. Mood Swings and Mania
Corticosteroids, especially at high doses, can cause mood swings, irritability, and even mania-like symptoms such as:
- Increased energy or restlessness.
- Euphoria or feeling excessively “high.”
- Racing thoughts or impulsivity.
These symptoms can resemble a manic episode in bipolar disorder, leading to confusion about whether steroids have caused the condition.
2. Depression and Anxiety
In addition to manic symptoms, steroids can trigger feelings of sadness, hopelessness, or anxiety. Some individuals may experience a depressive episode after stopping corticosteroid use, a condition sometimes referred to as “steroid withdrawal syndrome.”
3. Pre-Existing Vulnerabilities
Steroids are more likely to trigger mood changes or bipolar-like symptoms in individuals with a personal or family history of mood disorders. For example, someone predisposed to bipolar disorder may experience an earlier or more intense onset of symptoms after using steroids.
Distinguishing Between Steroid Effects and Bipolar Disorder
It’s essential to differentiate between steroid-induced mood changes and true bipolar disorder. A key factor is timing: mood symptoms that appear shortly after starting steroids or during a period of high-dose use are likely steroid-induced. These symptoms often subside once the medication is reduced or discontinued.
In contrast, bipolar disorder is a long-term condition with recurring episodes of mania and depression, typically unrelated to external factors like medication use.
How PMHC Can Help
At PMHC in Philadelphia, we specialize in diagnosing and treating mood disorders, including bipolar disorder and steroid-induced mood changes. Our approach includes:
- Comprehensive assessments to determine whether symptoms are related to steroids or an underlying condition.
- Evidence-based treatments, such as therapy and medication management, tailored to your specific needs.
- Collaboration with your prescribing physician to adjust steroid use, if necessary.
Managing Mental Health While Using Steroids
If you’re using steroids and notice significant mood changes, it’s crucial to seek professional help. Do not stop taking prescribed medication abruptly, as this can lead to withdrawal symptoms or complications. Instead, work with a healthcare provider to explore options for managing both your physical and mental health.
Take the Next Step with PMHC
Whether you’re experiencing mood changes from steroids or managing bipolar disorder, PMHC is here to support you. Contact us today to learn more about our personalized mental health services in Philadelphia.